讲座题目：The Quantum Way of DoingComputations
主讲人：Rainer Blatt Institute for Experimental Physics,University of Innsbruck and Institute of Quantum Opticsand Quantum Information Austrian Academy of Science
主持人：马龙生
开始时间：2016-03-04 16:00:00
讲座地址：中北理科大楼A504报告厅
主办单位：精密光谱科学与技术国家重点实验室
报告人简介：
Rainer Blatt graduated in physics from the University ofMainz in 1979. He finished his doctorate in 1981 and worked as researchassistant in the team of Günter Werth. In 1982 Blatt received a research grantof the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) to go to the Joint Institute forLaboratory Astrophysics (JILA), Boulder, and work with John L. Hall (NobelPrize winner 2005) for a year. In 1983 he went on to the Freie UniversitätBerlin, and in the following year joined the working group of Peter E. To-schekat the University of Hamburg. After another stay in the US, Rainer Blattapplied to qualify as a professor by receiving the “venia docendi” inexperimental physics in 1988. In the period from 1989 until 1994 he worked as aHeisenberg research fellow at the University of Hamburg and returned severaltimes to JILA in Boulder. In 1994 he was appointed professor of physics at theUniversity of Göttingen and in the following year he was offered a chair inexperimental physics at the University of Innsbruck. Since 2003 Blatt has alsoheld the position of Scientific Director at the Institute for Quantum Opticsand Quantum Information (IQOQI) of the Austrian Academy of Sci-ences (ÖAW).
报告摘要：
Since the mid-nineties of the 20 th century it became apparent that one of thecenturies’ most important technological inventions, computers in general and manyof their applications could possibly be further enormously enhanced by usingoperations based on quantum physics. This is timely since the classicalroadmaps for the development of computational devices, commonly known asMoore’s law, will cease to be applicable within the next decade due to the eversmaller sizes of the electronic components that soon will enter the quantumphysics realm. Computations, whether they happen in our heads or with any computationaldevice, always rely on real physical processes, which are data input, data representationin a memory, data manipulation using algorithms and finally, the data output. Buildinga quantum computer then requires the implementation of quantum bits (qubits) asstorage sites for quantum information, quantum registers and quantum gates fordata handling and processing and the development of quantum algorithms.
In this talk, the basic functional principle of a quantum computer will bereviewed. It will be shown how strings of trapped ions can be used to build aquantum information processor and how basic computations can be performed usingquantum techniques. In particular, the quantum way of doing computations willbe illustrated by analog and digital quantum simulations and the basic schemefor quantum error correction will be introduced and discussed. Scaling-up theion-trap quantum computer can be achieved with interfaces for ion-photon entanglementbased on high-finesse optical cavities and cavity-QED protocols, which will be exemplifiedby recent experimental results.